Epidural Steroid Placement:
    Using fluoroscopic control a needle is placed in the epidural space around the spinal nerves and spinal cord.  Then a small amount of steroid mixed with sterile saline is instilled.  This decreases inflammation and swelling often giving long term pain relief and may delay or remove the need for spinal surgery.

Nerve Root Block:
    Using fluoroscopic guidance a needle is slowly advanced to a spinal nerve.  A small amount of X-ray contrast is injected to confirm appropriate location.  A small amount of local anesthetic and steroid is then injected.  This is done for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

Joint Block:
    A needle is placed fluoroscopically into a joint such as the hip or facet joint of the spine.  CT guidance is used for sacroiliac joint needle placement.  Local anesthetic agent and long-acting steroid is injected.